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Cell Biology International (2011) 35, 345–353 (Printed in Great Britain)

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Acute and chronic acidosis influence on antioxidant equipment and transport proteins of rat jejunal enterocyte

Marisa Tosco*¹, Cristina Porta†, Chiara Sironi†, Umberto Laforenza‡ and Maria Novella Orsenigo*

*Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari e Biotecnologie, Università di Milano, I20133 Milano, Italy, †Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana, Università di Milano, I20133 Milano, Italy, and ‡Dipartimento di Fisiologia, Università di Pavia, I27100 Pavia, Italy

Acidosis elicits the formation of oxidants and, in turn, ROS (reactive oxygen species)-induced intestinal diseases cause acidosis. This research investigated whether both acute and chronic acidosis influence the antioxidant enzymatic equipment of rat jejunocyte, including γ-GT activity, involved in GSH (glutathione) homoeostasis. Lipid peroxidation level and the expressions of (Na⁺, K⁺)-ATPase and GLUT2 were also investigated. The possible influence of acidosis on ROS action was tested. Isolated apical membranes, everted sac preparations and homogenates from acidotic rats were used. γ-GT activity is inhibited after incubation of isolated membranes at acidic pH, but using the whole intestinal tract this inhibition disappears, while SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GR (glutathione reductase) activities are enhanced. Also, in conditions of chronic acidosis, γ-GT activity is unaffected, but no variations of antioxidant activities are apparent. (Na⁺, K⁺)-ATPase expression increases, while GLUT2 decreases in acidotic animals. Lipid peroxidation level is unaffected by acidosis. H₂O₂ inhibits γ-GT activity only in isolated membranes; in the whole tissue, it enhances CAT (catalase) and SOD activities and reduces GLUT2 expression. The pattern of responses to oxidant agents is unaffected by acidosis. Although jejunum seems quite resistant to acidosis, results, suggesting specific responses to this condition, may direct further research on antioxidant supplementation.

Key words: γ-GT, acidosis, antioxidant enzyme, GLUT2, (Na⁺/K⁺)-ATPase, rat jejunum

Abbreviations: ATZ, 3-amino-1,2,4 triazole, BBM, brush border membrane, CAT, catalase, GPx, glutathione peroxidase, GR, glutathione reductase, GSH, glutathione, GSSG, glutathione disulfide, γ-GT, γ-glutamyltransferase, MDA, malonaldialdehyde, MS, mercaptosuccinic acid, ROS, reactive oxygen species, SOD, superoxide dismutase, TBH, ter-butylhydroperoxide, TBST, Tris-buffered saline with Tween

¹To whom correspondence should be addressed (email marisa.tosco@unimi.it).

Received 3 June 2010/22 November 2010; accepted 14 December 2010

Published as Cell Biology International Immediate Publication 14 December 2010, doi:10.1042/CBI20100428

© The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2011 Portland Press Limited